Further, midrange systems can support a few thousands users, and often have operating systems more focused on distributing resources throughout a network vs. being a computing-intensive system. While there is increasingly a focus in midrange systems to provide both distributive support for networks and computing power, the predominant use of these systems is in synchronizing the many databases a small to mid-size organization up to a few thousand users need. Mid-range systems have also become pervasively used throughout a variety of specialized uses, sometimes called vertical markets. The IBM as/400, one of the most popular midrange systems, has literally hundreds of thousands of applications that have been created just for a specific vertical market need. Mainframes on the other hand are used for much more compute-intensive tasks including the completion of massive transaction sets and database calculations. A mainframe is typically used for also managing the entire array of integration points within a company has well, often acting as the integration hob across five or more systems. These integration hubs are often anchored by an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system which is responsible for coordinating production. Further, mainframes are built to support tens or even hundreds of thousands of application users at the same time while completing complex calculation tasks. While industry experts claim the mainframe may someday disappear, the reality is that there are unmet needs for serving tens of thousands of users while completing complex tasks, and as a result the market needs met by a mainframe demand this level of performance.

What is a database management system (DBMS)? How does the DBMS assist the programmer?

Database Management System (DBMS) is a complex software application that acts to coordinate and synchronize the many activities of working with databases. Increasingly database management systems are being used for the creation, maintenance and growth of an organizations' Enterprise Content Management (ECM) and structured content initiatives as the structure of databases allows for a single system if record to be created for organizations. This is particularly true in organizations that have grown quickly through acquisitions, as for example many auto companies have. A DBMS can unify disparate databases...

The DMBS then acts as a synchronization platform in the context of an organization creating an ECM strategy.
The DBMS assists the programmer in literally thousands of ways, from the specific SQL, file, record, and attribute commands to the ability to interlink or integrate specific databases with one another. Programmers also rely on a DBMS to create entire tables, which are X by Y representations of data, entirely in the computer, so that queries and transactions can be done. This is especially true in order management, where take for example Amazon.coms' approach to managing incoming book shipments and routing them to the best warehouse is accomplished.

DBMS is critical for programmers as it also acts as the foundation for supporting vast online catalogs residing on websites. A DBMS in short is one of the most powerful tools for programmers and is one of the most critical building blocks in e-commerce.

Discuss the primary functions performed by a telecommunications network.

A telecommunications network, at its most fundamental level, creates a series of connections between nodes and uses protocols to route requests and responses across multiple links through a variety of nodes. The primary functions of a telecommunication network is to first support the transmission, delivery, interpretation and multi-node publishing of data routed throughout the network. This most basic function of a telecommunications network is based on the specific protocol being used for assuring compatibility of communications between the nodes. A secondary function of a telecommunications network is to packetize and therefore create more optimal sizes of data packets for transmission and delivery throughout the network. Many protocols will specifically do this, yet the critical aspect of creating packetized data is the need for consistency of header and footer information to ensure readability. This is essential for telecommunications networks to consistently deliver a high level of service.

Another primary function of a telecommunications network is to define the frequency level at which messages will be broadcast, which is critically important in radio, television, and telephone transmissions. In conjunction with